Tweet
R1b-M269_ancient_DNA.jpg
R1b-M269’s Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) was a single individual that lived about 4350 BC just prior to the dawn of the Bronze Age. Almost all of his paternal ancestors’ lines were erased. Thirty (30) or more generations of cousins left no survivors. During this time, his single ancestral lineage piled up 97 SNPs to form a very phylogenetic equivalent block. His Y chromosome also had a large deletion. Something significant happened as the use of Bronze metalworking spread to and from the Pontic-Caspian Steppes. The R1b-M269 MRCA descendants expanded rapidly during the Early Bronze Age and were very successful at establishing lineages that survive to this day.
The R1b-M269 man
- Is the progenitor of 50% of all men from Europe
- Has left 99% of all branches within R1b and 40% of all branches on the Giant Y Tree of Mankind
- Led to cultural changes throughout Europe and eventually the New World including a legacy of Centum based Indo-European languages such as Celtic, Italic (including Romance languages and Latin), Germanic (including English).
How did this happen? There are many missing pieces to the M269 mans’ puzzle. He remains a mystery. His lack of brother and cousin lineages make him difficult to track during the Neothlic and Chalcolithic times. We don’t know but we search for answers in SE Europe and Eastern Europe in the Steppes above the Black Sea and Caspian Sea.
The study of SE Europe ancient skeletons by Mathieson, etc. commented about two outlier individuals in Bulgaria.
I2181 Bulgaria, Smyadovo Late Chalcolithic 4550-4455 BC (male, believed to be M269+)
ANI163 Bulgaria_Varna_Eneolithic 4711-4542 BC (female)
“The movements from the Pontic-Caspian steppe of individuals similar to those associated with the Yamnaya Cultural Complex in the 3rd millennium BCE contributed about 75% of the ancestry of individuals associated with the Corded Ware Complex and about 50% of the ancestry of succeeding material cultures such as the Bell Beaker Complex in central Europe.7,15 In two directly dated individuals from southeastern Europe, one (ANI163) from the Varna I cemetery dated to 4711-4550 BCE and one (I2181) from nearby Smyadovo dated to 4550-4450 BCE, we fin d far earlier evidence of steppe-related ancestry (Figure 1B,D). These findings push back the first evidence of steppe-related ancestry this far West in Europe by almost 2,000 years, but it was sporadic as other Copper Age (~5000-4000 BCE) individuals from the Balkans have no evidence of it. Bronze Age (~3400-1100 BCE) individuals do have steppe-related ancestry (we estimate 30%; CI: 26-35%), with the highest proportions in the four latest Balkan Bronze Age individuals in our data (later than ~1700 BCE) and the least in earlier Bronze Age individuals (3400-2500 BCE; Figure 1D).” “Necropolis at Varna, which has some of the earliest evidence of extreme inequality in wealth, with one individual (grave 43) from whom we extracted DNA buried with more gold than is known from any earlier site.” "The Genomic History of Southeastern Europe", Mathieson, et. al., 2018
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6091220/
"The deceased was a ca 20 years old adult (adultus) and was about 1.72 m tall [5'8"]. The analyses conducted by the physical anthropologists revealed eleven post-mortem trepanations mainly affecting the two parietal bones. One of the trepanations is on the frontal bone, another on the occipital bone, and a third one at the left temporal bone. The trepanations are oval, quadrangular and triangular. A fragmented ceramic vessel was found under the pelvis of the skeleton (fig. 5: 3‑5). On the basis of contextual evidence, the burial could be dated, with great caution, to the post-Chalcolithic period or the beginning of the Early Bronze Age” “Chapter 3. The prehistoric cemetery at Smyadovo, Shumen district“ https://books.openedition.org/momeditions/506 More discussion is at https://www.facebook.com/groups/R1b.YDNA/
R1b-M269’s Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) was a single individual that lived about 4350 BC just prior to the dawn of the Bronze Age. Almost all of his paternal ancestors’ lines were erased. Thirty (30) or more generations of cousins left no survivors. During this time, his single ancestral lineage piled up 97 SNPs to form a very phylogenetic equivalent block. His Y chromosome also had a large deletion. Something significant happened as the use of Bronze metalworking spread to and from the Pontic-Caspian Steppes. The R1b-M269 MRCA descendants expanded rapidly during the Early Bronze Age and were very successful at establishing lineages that survive to this day.
The R1b-M269 man
- Is the progenitor of 50% of all men from Europe
- Has left 99% of all branches within R1b and 40% of all branches on the Giant Y Tree of Mankind
- Led to cultural changes throughout Europe and eventually the New World including a legacy of Centum based Indo-European languages such as Celtic, Italic (including Romance languages and Latin), Germanic (including English).
How did this happen? There are many missing pieces to the M269 mans’ puzzle. He remains a mystery. His lack of brother and cousin lineages make him difficult to track during the Neothlic and Chalcolithic times. We don’t know but we search for answers in SE Europe and Eastern Europe in the Steppes above the Black Sea and Caspian Sea.
The study of SE Europe ancient skeletons by Mathieson, etc. commented about two outlier individuals in Bulgaria.
I2181 Bulgaria, Smyadovo Late Chalcolithic 4550-4455 BC (male, believed to be M269+)
ANI163 Bulgaria_Varna_Eneolithic 4711-4542 BC (female)
“The movements from the Pontic-Caspian steppe of individuals similar to those associated with the Yamnaya Cultural Complex in the 3rd millennium BCE contributed about 75% of the ancestry of individuals associated with the Corded Ware Complex and about 50% of the ancestry of succeeding material cultures such as the Bell Beaker Complex in central Europe.7,15 In two directly dated individuals from southeastern Europe, one (ANI163) from the Varna I cemetery dated to 4711-4550 BCE and one (I2181) from nearby Smyadovo dated to 4550-4450 BCE, we fin d far earlier evidence of steppe-related ancestry (Figure 1B,D). These findings push back the first evidence of steppe-related ancestry this far West in Europe by almost 2,000 years, but it was sporadic as other Copper Age (~5000-4000 BCE) individuals from the Balkans have no evidence of it. Bronze Age (~3400-1100 BCE) individuals do have steppe-related ancestry (we estimate 30%; CI: 26-35%), with the highest proportions in the four latest Balkan Bronze Age individuals in our data (later than ~1700 BCE) and the least in earlier Bronze Age individuals (3400-2500 BCE; Figure 1D).” “Necropolis at Varna, which has some of the earliest evidence of extreme inequality in wealth, with one individual (grave 43) from whom we extracted DNA buried with more gold than is known from any earlier site.” "The Genomic History of Southeastern Europe", Mathieson, et. al., 2018
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6091220/
"The deceased was a ca 20 years old adult (adultus) and was about 1.72 m tall [5'8"]. The analyses conducted by the physical anthropologists revealed eleven post-mortem trepanations mainly affecting the two parietal bones. One of the trepanations is on the frontal bone, another on the occipital bone, and a third one at the left temporal bone. The trepanations are oval, quadrangular and triangular. A fragmented ceramic vessel was found under the pelvis of the skeleton (fig. 5: 3‑5). On the basis of contextual evidence, the burial could be dated, with great caution, to the post-Chalcolithic period or the beginning of the Early Bronze Age” “Chapter 3. The prehistoric cemetery at Smyadovo, Shumen district“ https://books.openedition.org/momeditions/506 More discussion is at https://www.facebook.com/groups/R1b.YDNA/
Comment