SNP= single nucleotide polymorphism
it means that a mutation changed one base in your DNA to another one, say from A to G. SNP define haplogroups. Because these mutations are rare, haplogroups have very ancient origin, thousands of years usually. They don't represent recent relationships.
STR=short tandem repeats. These are sequences of letters that are repeated many times. Because they change more frequently, these can be used to assess more recent relationships (eg 10 or 20 generations)
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